The Executive Summary captures the key purpose of the report which is to identify and examine key maritime challenges that are common across the Pacific Region and specific to Kiribati, Samoa, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu. Mainly in the maritime transport sector to development outcomes, and propose specific sustainable measures and action plans to strengthen port and maritime operations. The report will be the basis for coordinated actions to identify funding needs in the sector and will inform current and future development efforts to effectively address issues impeding safe, efficient, competitive, and sustainable regional maritime transport systems and operations. The five countries selected serve as a pilot for mainstreaming coordinated efforts throughout the Pacific Region. This report focuses on three pillars of the maritime sector: (1) institutional arrangements; (2) port infrastructure and port operations; and (3) shipping services (international, intra-regional and domestic) and trade.